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UK venture capital funds perform well compared to their US counterparts but fund returns decline slightly over the past year

Press release 06 December 2023

  • UK VC funds continue to perform well compared to their US and European counterparts but top performing UK funds lag behind leading US funds
  • Performance of UK VC funds declined slightly in 2022/23 amid a challenging market environment
  • Private Equity and VC produce the highest returns on average when comparing asset classes, though the top performing VC funds can generate higher gains 
  • Exit opportunities and fundraising conditions are challenging, while the majority of market participants expect valuations to decline or stabilise over the next year

Over the long term UK VC funds continue to perform well compared to US and European counterparts, but top performing UK funds lag behind leading US funds 

New in-depth research from the British Business Bank, UK Venture Capital Financial Returns 2023, finds UK venture capital funds continue to perform well overall compared to their US and European counterparts, but top performing UK funds lag behind leading US funds. 

Historically, US VC financial returns were perceived by many commentators to be substantially higher than UK funds. However, across the 2002-2018 vintage period, these results show that UK VC funds generated a pooled Total Value to Paid-In Capital (TVPI) ¹ multiple of 2.06, compared to 2.14 for US funds and 2.04 for funds in the rest of Europe. This indicates that the UK is performing in line with these other leading markets overall. 

This year’s report however confirms that there is still a performance gap between the top UK and US funds. Across the 2002-2021 vintage period, the top 1% of US funds generated TVPI multiples upwards of 9.4, compared to multiples upwards of 7.6 for equivalent UK funds.

Over the short term UK VC returns have declined slightly, as some fund managers write down valuations

The report also analysed a sample of 130 UK funds that reported performance data in both 2022 and 2023. It found that the pooled TVPI value fell by 9% from 2.18 to 1.98, with the median falling by 11%. This decline indicates that UK fund managers are writing down valuations as market conditions have become more challenging.

The continued good performance and financial returns of UK venture capital are promising, showing that long term returns are in line with other major markets such as the US and Europe, and performing well compared to other alternative asset classes. While our survey results show a recent deterioration in exit opportunities and fundraising conditions over the last 12 months amid a challenging market environment over the next year Matt Adey Director, Economics, British Business Bank

Private Equity and VC produce the highest returns on average when comparing asset classes, though the top performing VC funds can generate higher gains

The report also provides data on the returns of UK VC compared to other alternative asset classes. UK Private Equity (PE) and VC funds demonstrated the strongest performance across 2002-2018 vintage years, with median TVPIs of 1.78 and 1.67, respectively. Infrastructure has been the third best performing asset class, with a median multiple of 1.57, followed by real estate (1.30) and private debt (1.29). 

For VC in particular, financial returns are more variable given the greater risk involved in investing in high-growth companies. However, strong performing funds can achieve significantly higher returns than in other asset classes. For example, the upper quartile TVPI multiple for VC across this period was 2.54, exceeding each of the other asset classes including PE (2.18) and infrastructure (1.85).

Exit opportunities and fundraising conditions deteriorate, while the majority of market participants expect valuations to decline or stabilise over the next year

The Bank’s survey of 58 UK fund managers found a deterioration in exit opportunities and fundraising conditions over the past year. Almost two thirds (64%) thought conditions for raising a new fund were either poor or very poor, compared with 29% last year, while 72% of managers saw the availability of successful exit opportunities as poor or very poor. 

This year’s survey evidence points to a continuation of subdued dealmaking activity. Almost half (48%) of respondents reported that the pace of their investment has decreased due to the changing economic conditions, while a similar share (45%) said that they have prioritised existing portfolio companies compared to new investments. 

Looking ahead, future changes in valuations will be an important indicator of market recovery, with 41% of fund managers expecting average valuations to remain in line with current levels over the next year. However, as a slightly higher share of fund managers believe valuations are likely to fall further (33%) than increase (22%), there may be some more room for valuation declines before the market recovers.

Further Information

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Notes to editors

About UK Venture Capital Financial Returns

UK Venture Capital Financial Returns 2023 is the fifth year the British Business Bank has published a report looking at financial performance of UK VC funds. This report includes the fund performance data of 212 UK VC funds overall with a vintage since 2002, and draws on data from both the British Business Bank and commercial data providers, including PitchBook and Preqin, as well as a survey of UK VC fund managers, making it the largest source of information available on the performance of UK VC funds.

About the British Business Bank

The British Business Bank is the UK government’s economic development bank. Established in November 2014, its mission is to drive sustainable growth and prosperity across the UK and to enable the transition to a net zero economy, by improving access to finance for smaller businesses. Its remit is to design, deliver and efficiently manage UK-wide smaller business access to finance programmes for the UK government.

The British Business Bank is the UK government’s economic development bank. Established in November 2014, its mission is to drive sustainable growth and prosperity across the UK and to enable the transition to a net zero economy, by improving access to finance for smaller businesses. Its remit is to design, deliver and efficiently manage UK-wide smaller business access to finance programmes for the UK government.

The British Business Bank’s core programmes support over £12.4 billion 1  of finance to more than 90,000 smaller businesses 2 .

As well as increasing the supply and diversity of finance for UK smaller businesses through its programmes, the Bank works to raise awareness of finance options available to smaller businesses. The British Business Bank Finance Hub provides independent and impartial information to businesses about finance options, featuring short films, expert guides, checklists and articles from finance providers to help make their application a success.

The British Business Bank is also responsible for administering the government’s three Coronavirus loan schemes and its Future Fund, together responsible for delivering £80.4 billion in finance to 1.67 million businesses. These schemes are now closed to new applications.

British Business Bank plc is a public limited company registered in England and Wales, registration number 08616013, registered office at Steel City House, West Street, Sheffield, S1 2GQ. Wholly owned by HM government, the Bank and its subsidiaries are not banking institutions and do not operate as such. They are not authorised or regulated by the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) or the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). A complete legal structure chart for the group can be found at the British Business Bank.

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